Renal Failure – A Case Study Essay Assignment paper
Renal Failure – A Case Study Essay Assignment paper
Chronic renal disease is the failure of the renal system, especially the kidneys, progressively, over a period of time. Though many causes can be attributed to chronic kidney disease, lifestyle disorders account for a significant percentage of the disease (Stengel et al., 2003). In the case of Mr. Robert, he was a 68 year old man, who smoked heavily, drank heavily, and has chronic diabetes, chronic hypertension, and high level of salts in urine. Though his clinical presentation does not reveal his weight, chances of accumulating high cholesterol are high, given the increased body salt levels. He also seems to have a history of consuming unhealthy diet in large quantities, as it is reflected in his poor physical shape.Renal Failure – A Case Study
Chronic renal disease in Mr. Robert might have been a culmination of his poor lifestyle choices, which he has been following continuously for the past 30 to 40 years. Given his increased age, the most ideal step that he could have taken is to reduce the consumption of alcohol, sugary, salty and fried food, and cut down on his smoking. Despite being a manual laborer, the activity levels were not sufficient, and thus led to the poor excretion of toxins from the body. Mr. Robert was under treatment for hypertension and diabetes since 15 years, and still his lifestyle has not been modified. The combination of his poor lifestyle, his pre-existing conditions, and acquired illnesses has led to the development and exacerbation of chronic kidney failure.
Renal Failure – A Case Study Essay Assignment paper
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2. Provide the rationale for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes as major risk factors for chronic kidney disease.
Chronic Renal disease is most commonly attributed to two major factors – Type 2 Diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. The rationale behind linking the disease with the factors is discussed below (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2014).Renal Failure – A Case Study
Type 2 Diabetes causes the arterioles, venues and capillaries of the renal circulation to be injured, and prevents their rapid healing. This leads to incomplete and impaired renal circulation, and retention of salts and toxic wastes in the kidney. Hypertension is also a side effect of chronic diabetes. This leads to complications like protienurea, edema of the lower limbs, nervous damage, improper voiding from the bladder, etc, which subsequently results in chronic kidney disease. Other complications are bacterial infections of the kidney due to increased blood sugar content, urinary incontinence, and urinary tract infections.
Cardiovascular diseases are those that affect the heart and the blood vessels, and the entire systemic circulation. In the case of impaired arterial circulation to the body, the renal system receives less oxygenated blood, and thus less venous return. This, similar to diabetes mellitus, causes a residue of salts and toxins that have to be excreted by the kidney via urine, to build up within the walls of the kidneys. This leads to impaired purification of the blood by the kidneys due to insufficient elimination of toxic wastes, thus leading to multiple organ failure (Liu et al., 2014).
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