Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Essay Assignment paper
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Essay Assignment paper
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is the inability to relax the pulmonary circulation arrangement at birth, which leads to non-oxygenated blood bypassing around the lungs and into the systemic circulation. Therefore, blood that has not gone to the lungs, where the oxygen is picked up from, is pushed into the left side of the heart which then is pumped throughout the body and causes many symptoms. The blood is shunted through the foramen ovale (PFO) and ductus arteriosus (PDA). These passageways are developed in utero to bypass the lungs so that circulation is possible for the infant while the mother provides the oxygen. Failure of one or both of these closing is a primary factor for causing PPHN (Persistent Newborn Pulmonary Hypertension, 2018).Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Essay
The etiology of PPHN is varied and is accompanied by other neonatal diseases as well. According to Ostrea (2006), “any condition that leads to chronic hypoxia in utero or abnormal muscularization of the pulmonary vessels can lead to persistent pulmonary vasoconstriction and PPHN after birth” (Ostrea, 2006, p.179). Some of the conditions included in this category would be asphyxia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, and aspiration syndromes like meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (Raju, U., Sondhi, V., & Patnaik, S., 2010). Other conditions that are related to PPHN are ones that can result in declines in the pulmonary vascular bed such as pulmonary hypoplasia and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Situations that can cause increases in pulmonary venous pressure such as a mitral obstruction, aortic stenosis, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and endocardial fibroelastosis also are correlated with PPHN. With this information, it is now known that the diagnosis of PPHN can be problematic due to it being closely related with all the conditions listed. To properly diagnose PPHN, the condition must be fully understood through its pathophysiology.
Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn Essay Assignment paper
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